• Rachel Schwartz, Tait D Shanafelt, Christophe Gimmler, and Lars Osterberg.
• VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Center for Innovation to Implementation (Ci2i), 795 Willow Road, 152-MPD, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA. raschwartz@stanford.edu.
• Bmc Health Serv Res. 2020 Jan 3; 20 (1): 7.

BackgroundThe prevalence and detrimental effect of physician burnout requires new strategies for supporting physicians. In this project, we describe the development, and assessment, of a "Balint-like" physician support group that provided social cohesion and delivered novel didactic curricula for building resilience.MethodsThe project began with a nine-month facilitated peer-support group for physicians that met every other week. Based on input from the first group, tailored content was developed to address physician wellness needs. These curricula were delivered to participants in the second nine-month Balint-like group. We then conducted semi-structured interviews with 7 hospitalists and 2 outpatient primary care physicians who participated in the Balint-like groups to explore the intervention's value and to identify remaining unmet physician wellness needs. Using an inductive thematic analysis approach, we identified a set of institutional-, community- and individual-level factors affecting physician wellness and corresponding intervention opportunities.ResultsPhysicians spoke of systems-level factors that contributed to distress, and proposed infrastructure, both physical and procedural, that they felt could better support physician wellness. They highlighted the emotional challenges of daily work, and the need for a forum by which to process these interactions in order to maintain their own wellness. Participants reported that participation in Balint-like groups provided this forum and served to help the physicians normalize struggles, reduce isolation and provide new strategies for navigating challenging interactions.ConclusionsInstitutional infrastructure, in the form of regular, psychologically-safe forums for processing with peers and learning relational strategies for preserving wellness, may mitigate physician distress. This project provides a model for how to develop and deliver a low-cost physician wellness program that can be tailored to the needs of individual clinical units.

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