• Christian Mpody, Jerry Cui, Hamdy Awad, Sujatha Bhandary, Michael Essandoh, Ronald L Harter, Joseph D Tobias, and Olubukola O Nafiu.
• Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH.
• J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth. 2021 Aug 1; 35 (8): 2338-2344.

ObjectiveTo characterize the impact, on failure to rescue, of cerebrovascular accident as a first postoperative complication after thoracic endovascular aortic aneurysm repair (TEVAR).DesignA retrospective cohort study using of National Surgical Quality Improvement Program Participants User File.SettingUnited States hospitals taking part in the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program.ParticipantsPatients >18 years, who underwent TEVAR for nonruptured thoracic aortic aneurysm between 2005 and 2018, and developed one or more major postoperative complications within 30 days after surgery.InterventionsNone.Measurements And Main ResultsOut of 3,937 patients who underwent TEVAR for nonruptured thoracic aneurysm, 1,256 (31.9%) developed major postoperative complications (stroke incidence: 11.4% [143/1256]). In adults <65 years old, the occurrence of stroke as the primary complication, relative to the occurrence of other complications, was associated with ten times greater risk of failure to rescue (29.4% v 4.6%; odds ratio [OR]: 10.10; 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.45-41.56; p < 0.001). The effect size was relatively lower when stroke occurred but was not the primary complication (20.0% v 4.6%; OR: 7.55; 95% CI 1.37-41.71; p = 0.020). In patients ≥65 years, the occurrence of stroke as the primary complication did not carry the similar prognostic value.ConclusionYounger patients who developed stroke were up to ten times more likely to die, relative to patients who developed other major complications. Survival was substantially reduced when stroke was the primary complication. The authors' findings imply that to maximize the survival of patients undergoing TEVAR, efforts may be needed to predict and prevent stroke occurrence as a primary postoperative morbidity event.Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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