• Mallory Perry, Angela Starkweather, Kyle Baumbauer, and Erin Young.
• University of Connecticut, School of Nursing, CT, USA. Electronic address: mallory.perry@uconn.edu.
• J Pediatr Nurs. 2018 Jan 1; 38: 74-80.

ProblemAdolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is the most common spinal deformity among children and adolescents and the most frequent reason for corrective spinal fusion (SF). Of the children and adolescents who undergo SF, a significant number will experience persistent postoperative pain (PPP). This integrative literature review was conducted to identify and synthesize perioperative factors that may contribute to risk of developing PPP.Eligibility CriteriaArticles which addressed PPP within the last 10years and primary research on postoperative pain outcomes in adolescents after SF were selected for review.Sample15 articles which met eligibility criteria were included.ResultsPreoperative pain intensity was the most significant factor identified in the development of PPP and increased postoperative pain. Social function and psychological factors also have role in the development of PPP. There were no theoretical models or frameworks for evaluating PPP incidence in adolescent with AIS after SF.ConclusionsPerioperative factors such as, preoperative pain, correction magnitude, pain coping, anxiety and social functioning are vital to understanding a child's risk of PPP following SF. There is a need for theoretically-based studies to assess PPP among children and adolescents with AIS after SF surgery.ImplicationsThe Biobehavioral Pain Network (BPN) model was proposed, to encompass biological, social and psychological domains which may be responsible for incidence of PPP in children undergoing SF. Such a model can be used to systematically develop and evaluate personalized postoperative pain management strategies for this patient population.Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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