• Gopal Nambi, Walid Kamal Abdelbasset, Saud F Alsubaie, Samah A Moawd, Anju Verma, Ayman K Saleh, and Nahla N Ataalla.
• Department of Physical Therapy and Health Rehabilitation, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia.
• Medicine (Baltimore). 2020 Dec 18; 99 (51): e23555.

BackgroundIsokinetic training (IKT) and core stabilization training (CST) are commonly used for balance training in musculoskeletal conditions. The knowledge about the effective implementation of these training protocols on radiological and biochemical effects in university football players with chronic low back pain (LBP) is lacking.ObjectiveTo find and compare the effects of isokinetic training and CST on radiological and biochemical effects in university football players with chronic LBP.DesignRandomized, double-blinded controlled study.SettingUniversity hospital.Participants60 LBP participants were randomized into isokinetic group (IKT; n = 20), core stabilization group (CST; n = 20) and the control group (n = 20) and received respective exercises for 4 weeks.Outcome MeasuresRadiological (muscle cross sectional area & muscle thickness) and biochemical (C-reactive protein, tumor necrosis factor -α, interleukin [IL]-2, IL-4, IL-6) values were measured at baseline and after 4 weeks (immediate effect).ResultsThe reports of the IKT, CST and control group were compared between the groups. Four weeks following training IKT group shows more significant changes in muscle cross sectional area (Psoas Major, Quadratus Lumborum, Multifidus and Erector Spinae muscles) and muscle thickness (Multifidus) than CST and control groups (p < 0.001). Biochemical measures such as C-reactive protein, tumor necrosis factor -α, IL-2, IL-4 and IL-6 also show significant improvement in IKT group than the other 2 groups (P < .001).ConclusionTraining through Isokinetic is an effective treatment program than conventional exercise programs in the aspect of radiological and biochemical analysis in university football players with chronic LBP, which may also help to prevent further injury. The present study can be used to improve the physical therapist's knowledge and clinical decision skills on LBP in football players.Copyright © 2020 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.

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