• Olaoluwatomi T Yusuff, Babatope A Kolawole, Rosemary T Ikem, David O Soyoye, and Oluwadamilola O Amjo.
• Department of Medicine, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital, Ile Ife, Nigeria. Electronic address: tomiyussy@yahoo.com.
• J Natl Med Assoc. 2020 Feb 1; 112 (1): 28-35.

BackgroundHigh sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) are recognised independent novel risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Few studies have assessed cardiovascular risk factors in patients with hyperglycaemic emergencies (HE), despite it being a major cause of death in diabetics.ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to determine cardiovascular risk indices in patients with hyperglycaemic emergencies and related these with outcome.MethodsThis cross sectional study involved 45 patients that presented with HE and 45 age and sex matched diabetics without HE who served as controls. Historical features, physical findings and laboratory parameters including hsCRP and PAI-1 were compared between subjects and controls.ResultsThe mean values of serum hsCRP and PAI-1 were significantly higher in patients with HE compared to diabetic control. (49.52 ± 13.6 vs. 2.4 ± 1.35, 51.2 ± 28.7 vs. 33.2 ± 10.7 respectively). Traditional cardiovascular risk factors such as HbA1c, Atherogenic Index and microalbuminuria were also significantly higher in them. Mortality was associated with increasing age, higher values of waist circumference, pulse rate, respiratory rate, hsCRP, Atherogenic index and lower blood pressure and HDL values.ConclusionCardiovascular risk indices are higher in patients with HE.Copyright © 2019 National Medical Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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