• Luis Antonio Díaz, Marisol López, Priscila Sin, Rodrigo Wolff, Gloria González, María Paz Muñoz, Mario Uribe, Álvaro Ananias, Ignacio Bezama, Nicolás Zañartu, Erwin Buckel, Franco Innocenti, Juan Carlos Pattillo, Nicolás Jarufe, Jorge Martínez, Juan Francisco Guerra, Susana Elgueta, and Juan Cristóbal Gana.
• Departamento de Gastroenterología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
• Rev Med Chil. 2020 Sep 1; 148 (9): 1261-1270.

BackgroundThe Chilean allocation system for liver transplantation (LT) uses the MELD/PELD score to prioritize candidates on the waiting list.AimTo assess if the Chilean allocation system for LT is equitable for pediatric candidates compared to their adult counterparts.Material And MethodsWe used the Public Health Institute's registry between October 2011 and December 2017. We analyzed candidates with chronic hepatic diseases listed for LT. The primary outcome was the cadaveric liver transplantation (CLT) rate. Secondary outcomes were death or disease progression in the waiting list and living donor liver transplant (LDLT) rate.ResultsWe analyzed 122 pediatric and 735 adult candidates. Forty one percent of pediatric candidates obtained a CLT compared to 48% of adults (p = NS). Among patients aged under two years of age, the access to CLT on the waiting list there was 28% of CLT, compared to 48% in adults (p = 0.001). Fifty-seven percent of candidates aged under two years were listed for cholestatic diseases, obtaining a CLT in 18% and requiring a LDLT in 49%. The median time in the waiting list for CLT was 5.9 months in pediatric candidates and 5.1 in adults, while the median time to death in the waiting list was 2.8 and 5.6 months, respectively. The mortality rate at one year in candidates under two years old was 38.1% compared to 32.5% in adults.ConclusionsPediatric candidates with chronic liver diseases, especially under two years of age, have greater access difficulties to CLT than adults. Half of the pediatric candidates die on the waiting list before three months. The mortality among candidates under two years of age in the waiting list is excessively high.

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