• Jan Dommerholt, Michelle Finnegan, Todd Hooks, and Li-Wei Chou.
• Bethesda Physiocare, Bethesda, MD, USA; Myopain Seminars, Bethesda, MD, USA. Electronic address: jan@bpcemail.com.
• J Bodyw Mov Ther. 2017 Oct 1; 21 (4): 902-913.

AbstractIn this overview of the myofascial pain literature, we have included several original contributions ranging from a study by Bowen and colleagues of trigger points in horses to the introduction of a new clinical entity of "laryngeal muscle myofascial pain syndrome in dysphonic patients." Minerbi and colleagues described for the first time the referred pain patterns of the longus colli muscle, while Casale and associates studied the spinal modulatory action of dry needling or acupuncture stimulation. Many dry needling articles are included in this overview with several recent outcome studies. Slowly, there is increasing scientific support for using dry needling for a variety of conditions. Several researchers explored specific aspects of dry needling, such as needle placements, whether eliciting a local twitch response is desired, and the role of psychological factors in post-needling soreness. Contributions originated in Australia, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, China, Germany, Greece, India, Israel, Italy, Korea, Portugal, Spain, Switzerland, Turkey, the UK, and the USA.Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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