• Dan M Dorobantu, Deborah Ridout, Katherine L Brown, Warren Rodrigues, Sharabiani Mansour T A MTA Department of Primary Care & Public Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College of London, London, United Kingdom., Christina Pagel, David Anderson, Paul Wellman, Andrew McLean, Jane Cassidy, David J Barron, Victor T Tsang, and Serban C Stoica.
• Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom; Children's Health and Exercise Research Centre, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom.
• J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. 2021 Mar 1; 161 (3): 1155-1166.e9.

ObjectiveUnplanned reintervention (uRE) is used as an indicator of patient morbidity and quality of care in pediatric cardiac surgery. We investigated associated factors and early mortality after uREs.MethodsMorbidity data were prospectively collected in 5 UK centers between 2015 and 2017; uRE included surgical cardiac, interventional transcatheter cardiac, permanent pacemaker, and diaphragm plication procedures. Mortality (30-day and 6-month) in uRE/no-uRE patients was reported before and after matching. Predicted 30-day mortality was calculated using the Partial Risk Adjustment in Surgery score.ResultsA total of 3090 procedures (2861 patients) were included (median age, 228 days). There were 146 uREs, resulting in an uRE rate of 4.7%. Partial Risk Adjustment in Surgery score, 30-day mortality and 6-month mortality in uRE and no-uRE groups were 2.4% versus 1.3%, 8.9% versus 1%, and 17.1% versus 2.4%, respectively. After matching, mortality at 6 months remained higher in uRE compared with no-uRE (12.2% vs 1.4%; P = .02; 74 pairs). In the uRE group, 21 out of 25 deaths at 6 months occurred when at least 1 additional postoperative complication was present. In multivariable analysis, neonatal age (P = .002), low weight (P = .009), univentricular heart (P < .001), and arterial shunt (P < .001) were associated with increased risk of uRE, but Partial Risk Adjustment in Surgery score was not (only in univariable analysis).ConclusionsuREs are a relatively frequent complication after pediatric cardiac surgery and are associated with some patient characteristics, but not the Partial Risk Adjustment in Surgery risk score. Early mortality was higher after uRE, independent of preoperative factors, but linked to other postoperative complications.Copyright © 2020 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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