• Arch Orthop Trauma Surg · Jun 2022

    How accurately can surgeons perform angle manipulation? Quantitative assessment of the accuracy of manual angle manipulation of orthopedic surgery: a cadaver study.

    • Young Hwan Park, Woon Kim, Jung Woo Choi, Gi Won Choi, and Hak Jun Kim.
    • Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Guro Hospital, Korea University, 148 Gurodong-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul, 08308, Korea.
    • Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 2022 Jun 1; 142 (6): 905-911.

    IntroductionTo date, only few studies have been performed on the accuracy of manual angle manipulation during orthopedic surgery. This cadaver study was aimed at quantitatively assessing the accuracy of manual angle manipulation performed by orthopedic surgeons according to their surgical experience and comparing it with manipulation performed with the assistance of a digital goniometer.Materials And MethodsSix lower-leg specimens of fresh-frozen human cadavers were subjected to angle manipulation performed via Kirschner wire (K-wire) insertion. K-wires were inserted manually and with the assistance of a digital goniometer at target angles of 0°, 30°, and 60° by three operators who had different levels of experience in orthopedic surgery. The accuracy of the insertion angles at the target angles was evaluated using computed tomography.ResultsThe mean angle error in the manual angle manipulation was 8.8° (standard deviation [SD] 6.0). When the target angles were set to 0°, 30°, and 60°, the identified angle errors were 6.1° (SD 4.3), 8.8° (SD 6.6), and 11.7° (SD 5.6), respectively, and each value did not show any significant difference among the operators. With the assistance of a digital goniometer, the mean (SD) angle error was significantly improved to 2.1° (1.1°) (p < 0.001). The amount of improvement in accuracy significantly increased as the target angle increased (p = 0.01).ConclusionThis cadaver study quantified the inaccuracy of manual angle manipulation in orthopedic surgery and showed that these inaccuracies ​​can be improved using an assistive device. These results support the need to develop a device that can compensate manual angle manipulation in orthopedic surgery.© 2021. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH, DE part of Springer Nature.

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