• Barbara Goeggel Simonetti, Ariane Cavelti, Marcel Arnold, Sandra Bigi, Mária Regényi, Heinrich P Mattle, Jan Gralla, Joel Fluss, Peter Weber, Annette Hackenberg, Maja Steinlin, and Urs Fischer.
• From the Division of Pediatric Neurology (B.G.S., S.B., M.R., M.S.), University Children's Hospital, Inselspital, and University of Bern; Departments of Neurology (B.G.S., A.C., M.A., H.P.M., U.F.) and Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (J.G.), Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, and University of Bern; Division of Pediatric Neurology (J.F.), University Hospital Geneva; Division of Pediatric Neurology (P.W.), University Children's Hospital Basel; and Division of Pediatric Neurology (A.H.), University Children's Hospital Zurich, Switzerland.
• Neurology. 2015 May 12; 84 (19): 1941-7.

ObjectiveTo compare long-term outcome of children and young adults with arterial ischemic stroke (AIS) from 2 large registries.MethodsProspective cohort study comparing functional and psychosocial long-term outcome (≥2 years after AIS) in patients who had AIS during childhood (1 month-16 years) or young adulthood (16.1-45 years) between January 2000 and December 2008, who consented to follow-up. Data of children were collected prospectively in the Swiss Neuropediatric Stroke Registry, young adults in the Bernese stroke database.ResultsFollow-up information was available in 95/116 children and 154/187 young adults. Median follow-up of survivors was 6.9 years (interquartile range 4.7-9.4) and did not differ between the groups (p = 0.122). Long-term functional outcome was similar (p = 0.896): 53 (56%) children and 84 (55%) young adults had a favorable outcome (modified Rankin Scale 0-1). Mortality in children was 14% (13/95) and in young adults 7% (11/154) (p = 0.121) and recurrence rate did not differ (p = 0.759). Overall psychosocial impairment and quality of life did not differ, except for more behavioral problems among children (13% vs 5%, p = 0.040) and more frequent reports of an impact of AIS on everyday life among adults (27% vs 64%, p < 0.001). In a multivariate regression analysis, low Pediatric NIH Stroke Scale/NIH Stroke Scale score was the most important predictor of favorable outcome (p < 0.001).ConclusionThere were no major differences in long-term outcome after AIS in children and young adults for mortality, disability, quality of life, psychological, or social variables.© 2015 American Academy of Neurology.

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