• Kee-Yong Ha, Ki-Won Kim, Young-Hoon Kim, In-Soo Oh, and Sang-Won Park.
• Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Catholic University of Korea School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
• Clin Orthop Surg. 2010 Dec 1; 2 (4): 203-8.

BackgroundWe wanted to investigate the leading cause of failed vertebroplasty or kyphoplasty.MethodsTwelve patients (10 females and 2 males) who underwent revision surgery after vertebroplasty or kyphoplasty were included. In 4 cases, vertebroplasty was done for two or more levels. Six cases with kyphoplasty were included. Through the retrospective review of the radiographic studies and medical record, we analyzed the etiology of the revision surgery.ResultsUncontrolled back pain was the main clinical presentation. In 4 cases, neurological symptoms were noted, including one case with conus medullaris syndrome. The average time to the revision surgery after vertebroplasty or kyphoplasty was 15 months. Infection (4 cases) and progressive kyphosis with collapse (8 cases) were the causes for the revision. A solid pattern of inserted bone cement and bone resorption around the cement were noted in the all cases with progressive collapse and kyphosis.ConclusionsInfection, misdiagnosis and progressive kyphosis were causes of the revision surgery after vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty. A solid pattern of accumulation of bone cement and peri-cement bone resorption might be related with the progressive collapse.

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