• Boniface Chukwuneme Okpala, George Uchenna Eleje, Joseph Ifeanyichukwu Ikechebelu, Chukwuemeka Jude Ofojebe, Toochukwu Benjamin Ejikeme, Cyril Emeka Nwachukwu, and Augusta Nkiruka Okpala.
• Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria.
• J. Matern. Fetal. Neonatal. Med. 2020 Sep 14: 1-6.

AimTo determine the effect of dexamethasone in reducing post-dural puncture headache (PDPH) after spinal anesthesia for cesarean section (CS).MethodsA double blind placebo controlled randomized trial of parturients undergoing CS under spinal anesthesia was conducted. Participants (n = 192) were randomly (1:1 ratio) given either 2mls (8 mg) of dexamethasone (n = 96) intravenously or 2mls of normal saline (n = 96) intravenously as placebo after clamping the umbilical cord. Visual analogue scale was used to assess the incidence and severity of PDPH on the first and fourth post-operative days. The primary outcome measure was incidence of PDPH while the secondary outcome measure was incidence of nausea and vomiting. Analysis was by intention-to-treat.ResultsBaseline socio-demographic and clinical variables were similar between the two groups and none of the women was lost to follow up. The incidence of PDPH (8.3% vs 25.0%; p = .002) and nausea (11.5% vs 25.0%; p = .015) were significantly lower in dexamethasone group. The severity of headache in the control groups were statistically higher on the first (p < .001) and fourth (p < .001) post-operative days. .ConclusionProphylactic dexamethasone reduces the incidence and severity of PDPH on both the first and fourth post-operative day after spinal anesthesia for CS. There was also an improvement on the incidence of nausea on the dexamethasone group compared to control.

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