• Alice Gustavsen, Lillemor Skattum, Grethe Bergseth, Bjorg Lorentzen, Yngvar Floisand, Vidar Bosnes, Tom Eirik Mollnes, and Andreas Barratt-Due.
• Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital, and K.G. Jebsen IRC, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. Department of Laboratory Medicine, Section of Microbiology, Immunology and Glycobiology, Lund University and Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Region Skane, Lund, Sweden Research Laboratory, Nordland Hospital Bodø, and K.G. Jebsen TREC, University of Tromsø Department of Obstetrics Department of Haematology Department of Immunology, Section of Medical Immunology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim Division of Emergencies and Critical Care, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
• Medicine (Baltimore). 2017 Mar 1; 96 (11): e6338.

RationaleAntiphospholipid syndrome (APS) in pregnancy may trigger the life-threatening catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome (CAPS). Complement activation is implicated in the pathogenesis, and inhibition of complement factor C5 is suggested as an additional treatment option.Patient Concerns, Diagnosis And InterventionsWe present a pregnant patient treated with the C5-inhibitor eculizumab due to high risk of developing devastating APS-related complications. The complement inhibitory effects of the treatment were examined both in the patient and the premature infant.OutcomesComplement activity in the mother recovered considerably faster than anticipated; however, no new thrombosis or CAPS developed during the last week of pregnancy or postpartum. Blood sampling from the umbilical vein and artery, and from the infant after delivery showed low complement activity; however, only 0.3% of the eculizumab concentration detected in the mother, consistent with low placental passage of eculizumab.LessonsThe data underscore the importance of close monitoring of complement inhibition and individualizing dosage regimens in pregnant patients receiving eculizumab. We document how traditional functional complement activity tests cannot assess the effect of eculizumab in premature infants due to the very low levels of complement factors detected in this infant born in gestational week 33. Only trace amounts of eculizumab passed the placenta. In conclusion, complement C5 inhibition might be a safe candidate treatment option for APS during pregnancy and delivery, and additionally, enables prolongation of pregnancy with important weeks.

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