• Daniela Ravizzoni Dartora, Adrien Flahault, Thuy Mai Luu, Anik Cloutier, Jessica Simoneau, Michel White, Anie Lapointe, Andréanne Villeneuve, Jean-Luc Bigras, Gabriel Altit, and Anne Monique Nuyt.
• Sainte-Justine University Hospital Research Center Sainte-Justine University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QB, Canada.
• Chest. 2021 Jul 1; 160 (1): 287-296.

BackgroundAdults born preterm are at a higher risk of cardiopulmonary disease and premature death. Preterm birth is associated with abnormalities in right ventricular (RV) structure and function, but the impact of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), a common complication of extremely preterm birth, on these parameters remains unknown.Research QuestionAre preterm birth and BPD associated with alterations in RV structure and function in early adulthood?Study Design And MethodsEchocardiographic and spirometry data were obtained from the Health of Adults Born Preterm Investigation (HAPI). RV structure and performance were evaluated by using echocardiography, and respiratory function was assessed by using spirometry.ResultsThe study comprised 86 young adults born preterm before 30 weeks of gestation, including 28 with moderate to severe BPD, and 85 adults of the same age born full term. Individuals were assessed at a mean age of 23 years. RV systolic function was altered in the preterm group, with lower tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion and lower RV s' and RV outflow tract velocity time integral values, especially in those born preterm with BPD. Nine (36%) participants born preterm with BPD, six (13%) participants born preterm without BPD, and six (8%) participants born full term had a tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion value < 16 mm, a marker of RV systolic dysfunction (P value for the comparison between preterm no BPD and BPD, .032). No difference was found in RV diastolic function or estimates of pulmonary artery pressure between groups. Although respiratory function was altered in those born preterm, and more so in the case of BPD, no association was observed between spirometry indices of respiratory function and RV systolic function.InterpretationPreterm birth is associated in adulthood with alterations in RV systolic function, which are more pronounced in the case of BPD.Clinical Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov; No.: NCT03261609; URL: www.clinicaltrials.gov.Copyright © 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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