• Brinda Gupta, Dongze Li, Peiyu Dong, and Mary C Acri.
• Social Policy Institute, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.
• J Eval Clin Pract. 2021 Dec 1; 27 (6): 1429-1445.

Rationale, Aims And ObjectivesIt is clear there are significant delays in the uptake of best practices as part of routine care in the healthcare system, yet there is conflicting evidence on how to specifically align provider behaviour with best practices.MethodWe conducted a review of interventions utilized to change any aspect of provider behaviour. To extend prior research, studies were included in the present review if they had an active intervention targeting behaviour change of providers in health or behavioural-health settings and were published between 2001 and 2020.ResultsOf 1547 studies, 44 met inclusion criteria. Of 44 studies identified, 28 studies utilized contextually relevant interventions (eg, tailored to a specific provider population). Twenty six interventions with a contextually relevant approach resulted in provider behaviour change.ConclusionsFindings are promising for encouraging provider behaviour change when interventions are tailored to be contextually relevant, as both single-component and multifaceted interventions were successful when they were contextually relevant. It is critical to conduct additional research to ensure that providers sustain behaviour changes over a long-term beyond an intervention's implementation and evaluation period.© 2021 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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