• Balachandar Vellingiri, Kaavya Jayaramayya, Mahalaxmi Iyer, Arul Narayanasamy, Vivekanandhan Govindasamy, Bupesh Giridharan, Singaravelu Ganesan, Anila Venugopal, Dhivya Venkatesan, Harsha Ganesan, Kamarajan Rajagopalan, Pattanathu K S M Rahman, Ssang-Goo Cho, Nachimuthu Senthil Kumar, and Mohana Devi Subramaniam.
• Human Molecular Cytogenetics and Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641 046, Tamil Nadu, India. Electronic address: geneticbala@buc.edu.in.
• Sci. Total Environ. 2020 Jul 10; 725: 138277.

AbstractThe novel Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by SARS-CoV-2, which is the causative agent of a potentially fatal disease that is of great global public health concern. The outbreak of COVID-19 is wreaking havoc worldwide due to inadequate risk assessment regarding the urgency of the situation. The COVID-19 pandemic has entered a dangerous new phase. When compared with SARS and MERS, COVID-19 has spread more rapidly, due to increased globalization and adaptation of the virus in every environment. Slowing the spread of the COVID-19 cases will significantly reduce the strain on the healthcare system of the country by limiting the number of people who are severely sick by COVID-19 and need hospital care. Hence, the recent outburst of COVID-19 highlights an urgent need for therapeutics targeting SARS-CoV-2. Here, we have discussed the structure of virus; varying symptoms among COVID-19, SARS, MERS and common flu; the probable mechanism behind the infection and its immune response. Further, the current treatment options, drugs available, ongoing trials and recent diagnostics for COVID-19 have been discussed. We suggest traditional Indian medicinal plants as possible novel therapeutic approaches, exclusively targeting SARS-CoV-2 and its pathways.Copyright © 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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