• Rami Maarouf and Cedric Campbell.
• Department of Anesthesiology, Virginia Commonwealth University Health System, Richmond, Virginia, USA.
• Curr Opin Anaesthesiol. 2021 Apr 1; 34 (2): 180-186.

Purpose Of ReviewAdvances in the care of inhalational injuries have not kept pace with advances that have been seen in the treatment of cutaneous burns. There is not yet a standard of care for best outcomes for airway management of patients with known or suspected inhalational injuries. Clinicians must decide if to intubate the patient, and if so, whether to intubate early or late in their presentation. Unnecessary intubation affects morbidity and mortality. This review will summarize literature that highlights present practices in the treatment of patients with inhalation injuries.Recent FindingsThere have been promising investigations into biomarkers that can be used to quantify a patient's risk and better target therapies. Grading systems serve to better stratify the burn victim's prognosis and then direct their care. Special ventilator modes can assist in ventilating burn patients with inhalation injuries that experience difficulties in oxygenating.SummaryInhalational injuries are a significant source of morbidity and mortality in thermally injured patients. Treatment modalities, such as modified ventilator settings, alteration in fluid resuscitation, and a standardized grading system may improve morbidity and mortality.Copyright © 2021 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.

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