• Aging Clin Exp Res · Jun 2021

    Direct anterior approach versus direct lateral approach in total hip arthroplasty and bipolar hemiarthroplasty for femoral neck fractures: a retrospective comparative study.

    • Mauro Spina, Valentina Luppi, Jacopo Chiappi, Francesco Bagnis, and Massimo Balsano.
    • Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology A, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Piazzale A. Stefani n. 1, 37126, Verona, Italia. spina.mauro@gmail.com.
    • Aging Clin Exp Res. 2021 Jun 1; 33 (6): 1635-1644.

    BackgroundIn the current literature, there is no consensus on the best surgical approach in hip replacement for femoral neck fractures (FNFs).AimThe aim of this study is to compare the direct anterior approach (DAA) and the direct lateral approach (DLA) in patients treated with bipolar hemiarthroplasty (BHA) and total hip arthroplasty (THA) for FNFs.Materials And MethodsPatients with displaced FNFs (Garden type III and IV) treated operatively using BHA and THA were enrolled. The surgical approach techniques DAA and DLA are compared. The analysed variables are: mean surgery time, number of blood units transfused perioperatively, percentage of patients transfused, perioperative complications, pain and functional outcomes at 1 and 6 months and mortality at 1, 3 and 12 months.ResultsBetween 2015 and 2017, 37 patients underwent BHA by the DAA and 38 patients underwent BHA by the DLA, 69 patients underwent THA by the DAA and 60 patients underwent THA by the DLA. For THA, the DAA compared to the DLA had a higher mean surgery time (100.8 min vs. 97.7 min), a lower mean number of blood units transfused perioperatively (1.4 U vs. 1.9 U), a significantly lower percentage of patients transfused (53.6% vs. 71.7%), a higher rate of perioperative complications (10.1% vs. 1.6%), a lower pain referred and better functional outcomes in the first 6 postoperative months and a significantly lower mortality rate at 12 months (2.9% vs. 16.7%). For BHA, the advantages of the DAA over DLA are not as significant.ConclusionsThe direct anterior approach in THA for FNFs provides significant benefits in the early post-operative period compared to the direct lateral approach in terms of functional recovery, residual pain, blood loss and mortality rate in the elderly active population.Level Of EvidenceLevel IV, retrospective cohort study.

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