• Kolbjørn Brønnick, Lars Evald, DuezChristophe Henri ValdemarCHVResearch Center for Emergency Medicine, Emergency Department and Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital and Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark., Anders Morten Grejs, Anni Nørgaard Jeppesen, Hans Kirkegaard, Jørgen Feldbæk Nielsen, and Eldar Søreide.
• Department of Public Health, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway; Centre for Age-Related Medicine (SESAM), Helse Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway. Electronic address: bronnick@gmail.com.
• Resuscitation. 2021 May 1; 162: 396-402.

BackgroundPatients surviving out-of hospital cardicac arrest, with good neurological outcome according to Cerebral Performance Category, frequently have neuropsychological impairment. We studied whether biomarker data (S-100b and neuron-specific enolase) obtained during the ICU stay predicted cognitive impairment 6 months after resuscitation.MethodsPatients (N = 79) with a CPC-score ≤2 were recruited from two trial sites taking part in the TTH48 trial comparing targeted temperature management (TTM) for 48 h vs. 24 h at 33 ± 1 °C. We assessed patients 6 months after the OHCA. We measured biomarkers S-100b and NSE at arrival and at 24, 48 and 72 h after reaching the target temperature of 33 ± 1 °C. Four cognitive domain z-scores were calculated, and global cognitive impairment was defined as z < -1.67 on at least 3 out of 13 cognitive tests. Non-parametric correlations were used to assess the relationship between cognitive domain and biomarkers. ROC curves were used to assess prediction of cognitive impairment from the biomarkers. Logistic regression was used to investigate whether TTM duration moderated biomarker prediction of cognitive impairment.ResultsCognitive impairment was present in 22% of the patients with memory impairment being the most common. The biomarkers correlated significantly with several cognitive domain scores and NSE at 48 h predicted cognitive impairment with 100% sensitivity and 56% specificity. The predictive properties of NSE at 48 h was unaffected by duration of TTM.ConclusionsEarly biomarker prognostication of cognitive impairment is feasible even in OHCA survivors with good neurological outcome as defined by CPC. NSE at 48 h predicted cognitive impairment.Copyright © 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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