• Jong Hoon Lee, Jun-Gi Kim, Seong Taek Oh, Myung Ah Lee, Hoo Geun Chun, Dae Yong Kim, Tae Hyun Kim, Sun Young Kim, Ji Yeon Baek, Ji Won Park, Jae Hwan Oh, Hee Chul Park, Doo Ho Choi, Young Suk Park, Hee Cheol Kim, Eui Kyu Chie, and Hong Seok Jang.
• Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Republic of Korea.
• Radiother Oncol. 2014 Jan 1; 110 (1): 150-4.

PurposeThe aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a two-week schedule of radiotherapy with oral capecitabine in locally advanced rectal cancer.Methods And MaterialsEighty patients with rectal cancer located in the mid to low rectum, staged cT3-4N0-2M0, were prospectively enrolled. They underwent preoperative chemoradiotherapy and delayed surgery 6-8 weeks after the completion of radiation therapy. A radiation dose of 33 Gy in 10 fractions was delivered to the pelvis for 2 weeks. One cycle of oral capecitabine was administered at a dose of 1650 mg/m(2)/day during radiotherapy. Tumor response and toxicity were the study endpoints. This study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (number, NCT01431599).ResultsAll included patients underwent total mesorectal excisions including 12 cases of robot assisted surgery and 50 cases of laparoscopic surgery. Of the 80 patients, 27 (33.8%) achieved downstaging (ypT0-2N0) of a rectal tumor and 11 (13.8%) had a pathologically complete response (ypCR). Downstaging rates were 45% for T classification and 65% for N classification. Sphincter saving was achieved in 73 (91.3%) of the 80 patients. Of the 80 patients, 3 (3.8%) experienced grade 3 hematologic toxicity, and 2 (2.5%) had grade 3 postoperative complications such as ileus and wound dehiscence. There was no grade 4 toxicity.ConclusionA two-week schedule of radiotherapy with oral capecitabine in locally advanced rectal cancer patients showed low toxicity profiles and promising results in terms of tumor response.Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

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