• Stefan Gavriliu, Costel Vlad, Ileana Georgescu, and Gheorghe Burnei.
• Clinical Emergency Hospital for Children "Maria Sklodowska Curie", 20 C-tin Brancoveanu, Bucharest, Romania, banteo@gmail.com.
• Eur Spine J. 2014 May 1; 23 Suppl 2: 262-6.

IntroductionEven if diastematomyelia is a rare condition, it always has to be identified in case of diagnosing and treating a case of congenital scoliosis. The consequence of missing the diagnosis of such a malformation may be devastating to the involved patient. This paper wants once again to make aware the physicians of the eventual presence of a spinal dysraphic malformation when dealing with a congenital spinal malformation.MethodsThe presence of diastematomyelia was noticed in two of our cases, one with congenital scoliosis and another with congenital kyphoscoliosis. First of all in these cases, we performed the resection of the bony septum, followed by spinal fusion in a single-stage surgical procedure. We noticed no complications during and after surgery related to the resection of the bony septum.ResultsIn both patients, we obtained partial correction and stabilization of the congenital spinal malformation after a safe excision of the bony septum.ConclusionsDiastematomyelia is a rare condition. It has to be taken into consideration when dealing with a congenital scoliosis. The first step in the surgical procedure has to be the resection of the diastematomyelic septum. In case of a scoliosis ranging up to 30° and not presenting a progressive potential, the expectative-evaluation attitude is a correct one.

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