• Elisiane De Souza Santos, João Marcos Bernardes, Matias Noll, Juan Gómez-Salgado, Carlos Ruiz-Frutos, and Adriano Dias.
• Graduate Program in Collective/Public Health, Botucatu Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Estadual Paulista/UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil.
• Pain Manag Nurs. 2021 Aug 1; 22 (4): 459-464.

BackgroundLow back pain (LBP) is highly prevalent in children and adolescents, while psychosocial, anthropometric, developmental, and lifestyle factors have been associated. However, the evidence is inconsistent from a biological point of view, so identifying predictors of LBP in the 6-12 years children through physical examination should be appropriate.AimsTo estimate the prevalence of LBP and associated factors in schoolchildren in a Brazilian population.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingThree schools in Botucatu, Brazil.Participants/Subjects377 students from 6-12 years.MethodsData collection consisted of questions regarding personal history, socioeconomic and anthropometric information, kinesiologic evaluation with anthropometry, lumbar biophotogrammetry, and backpack weight and use. Descriptive analyses were performed, and simple and multiple logistic regression models were used for risk factors.ResultsThe prevalence of LBP was 27.32% (confidence interval [CI] 95% = 23.07-32.03). The mean age was 8.85 years (± 1.83) in the group with LBP and 8 years (± 1.76) in the group without LBP (p = .006). Variables such as backpack weight (odds ratio [OR] = 1.45, CI 95% = 1.018-2.064) and exceeding 3 hours per day in front of the television (OR = 7.97, CI 95% = 1.957-32.515) increased the chance of LBP in these students.ConclusionLBP is prevalent in younger schoolchildren, and the factors associated with this outcome can be effectively addressed through the promotion of health measures. LBP in schoolchildren is a musculoskeletal discomfort that negatively affects the quality of life of these individuals and persists in adulthood.Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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