• Gabriela D García Nores, Catherine L Ly, Daniel A Cuzzone, Raghu P Kataru, Geoffrey E Hespe, Jeremy S Torrisi, Jung Ju Huang, Jason C Gardenier, Ira L Savetsky, Matthew D Nitti, Jessie Z Yu, Sonia Rehal, and Babak J Mehrara.
• Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, Suite MRI 1006, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
• Nat Commun. 2018 May 17; 9 (1): 1970.

AbstractT cell-mediated responses have been implicated in the development of fibrosis, impaired lymphangiogenesis, and lymphatic dysfunction in secondary lymphedema. Here we show that CD4+ T cells are necessary for lymphedema pathogenesis by utilizing adoptive transfer techniques in CD4 knockout mice that have undergone tail skin and lymphatic excision or popliteal lymph node dissection. We also demonstrate that T cell activation following lymphatic injury occurs in regional skin-draining lymph nodes after interaction with antigen-presenting cells such as dendritic cells. CD4+ T cell activation is associated with differentiation into a mixed T helper type 1 and 2 phenotype, as well as upregulation of adhesion molecules and chemokines that promote migration to the skin. Most importantly, we find that blocking T cell release from lymph nodes using a sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor modulator prevents lymphedema, suggesting that this approach may have clinical utility.

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