• Eilon Ram, Jacob Lavee, Yigal Kassif, Yury Peysakhovich, Leonid Sternik, Amit Segev, Jignesh Patel, and Yael Peled.
• Leviev Cardiothoracic and Vascular Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel. Electronic address: Eilon.ram@sheba.health.gov.il.
• J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. 2023 Jan 1; 165 (1): 186195.e4186-195.e4.

ObjectiveCombined heart and lungs (CHL) procurement differs from isolated heart (IH) procurement in several aspects, including lung recruitment, cannulation, and preservation requirements. We aimed to investigate whether CHL versus IH procurement contributes to the development of primary graft dysfunction (PGD) after heart transplantation (HT).MethodsBetween 1999 and 2019, we assessed 175 patients undergoing HT at a single center. Patients were divided into IH (n = 61) or CHL (n = 114) procurement groups. End points included PGD (defined according to the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation consensus statement) and long-term survival.ResultsThe incidence of PGD was significantly greater in CHL recipients compared with IH recipients (53.5% vs 16.4%, P < .001). Multivariable analysis showed that CHL procurement was independently associated with a significant 4.6-fold increased risk for PGD (95% confidence interval, 2.1-11, P < .001). Univariable and multivariable analyses showed that the overall survival was not significantly affected by the procurement group (log-rank P = .150, hazard ratio, 1.13; 95% confidence interval, 0.68-1.88, P = .646). The simultaneous procurement of abdominal organs was not associated with an increased risk of PGD in HT recipients. These results remained consistent in a propensity-matched analysis.ConclusionsCombined procurement of heart and lungs is independently associated with an increased risk of PGD. Further prospective studies are needed to validate this hypothesis-generating study.Copyright © 2021. Published by Elsevier Inc.

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