• Rabie Soliman and Adel Ragheb.
• Department of Anesthesia, Cairo University; Prince Sultan Cardiac Centre, Riyadh, Al-Hassa, Saudi Arabia.
• Ann Card Anaesth. 2018 Apr 1; 21 (2): 134-140.

ObjectiveThe aim of the study was to compare the effect of two different regimens of milrinone on hemodynamics and oxygen saturation in pediatric patients undergoing Fontan procedure.DesignThis was a randomized study.SettingCardiac centers.PatientsThis study included 116 patients undergoing Fontan procedure.Material And MethodsGroup E: Milrinone was started as infusion 0.5 μg/kg/min without a loading dose at the beginning of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) followed by infusion 0.5-0.75 μg/kg/min in the pediatric cardiac surgical intensive care unit (PSICU). Group L: Milrinone was started as a loading dose 50 μg/kg over 10 min before weaning from CPB followed by infusion 0.5-0.75 μg/kg/min in the PSICU.MeasurementsHeart rate, mean arterial blood pressure, central venous pressure, transpulmonary pressure, cardiac index, pharmacological support, lactate level, urine output, oxygen saturation, ICU, and hospital length of stay.Main ResultsThere were no changes in the heart rate and mean arterial blood pressure (P > 0.05). The increase in the postoperative central venous pressure, transpulmonary pressure and lactate level was lower in Group E than Group L (P < 0.05). The increase in the postoperative cardiac index, oxygen saturation, and urine output was higher in Group E than Group L (P < 0.05). The requirement for pharmacological support was lower in the Group E (P < 0.05). The ICU and hospital length of stay were shorter in the Group E than Group L (P < 0.05).ConclusionEarly use of milrinone during Fontan procedure facilitated the weaning from CPB, decreased the elevation in the central venous pressure, transpulmonary gradient pressure, and the requirement for pharmacological support. Furthermore, it increased the cardiac index and arterial oxygen saturation.

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