• Tomohiro Yamaki, Yoshio Uchino, Haruko Henmi, Mizuho Kamezawa, Miyoko Hayakawa, Tomoki Uchida, Yoshihiro Ozaki, Shinji Onodera, Nobuo Oka, Masaru Odaki, Daisuke Itou, and Shigeki Kobayashi.
• Division of Neurosurgery, Rehabilitation Center for Traumatic Apallics Chiba, National Agency for Automotive Safety and Victims' Aid, 3-30-1 Isobe, Mihama-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba 261-0012, Japan; Division of PET Imaging, Rehabilitation Center for Traumatic Apallics Chiba, National Agency for Automotive Safety and Victims' Aid, 3-30-1 Isobe, Mihama-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba 261-0012, Japan. Electronic address: t-yamaki@chiba-ryougo.jp.
• J Clin Neurosci. 2018 Nov 1; 57: 20-25.

AbstractLittle is known about changes in glucose metabolism in patients with chronic severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI). It remains to be elucidated how neurological manifestations of sTBI are associated with brain glucose metabolism during longitudinal follow-up. We show here that neurological manifestations are associated with changes of brain glucose metabolism by using two serial 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) images. In this longitudinal observational study, two serial 18F-FDG PET/CT images from each of 45 patients were analyzed for whole-brain maximum standardized uptake values (SUVmax). For clinical assessment, we applied two different scales: the coma recovery scale-revised and the original Chiba score with additional information regarding nutrition, excretion, facial expression, and position change of the patient's relative immobility and bedridden state. As a result, the increased FDG uptake group was associated with a high level of wakefulness (first PET, p = 0.04; second PET, p = 0.01) and small ventricular size (first PET, p = 0.01; second PET, p = 0.01). In addition, anticonvulsant withdrawal (p = 0.001), improvement of total Chiba score (p = 0.01), language expression (p = 0.03), position change (p = 0.03), and communication (p = 0.03) were accelerated in the increased FDG uptake group. Spearman's rank correlation coefficients of change in SUVmax and language expression between the first and second PET were 0.4 (p = 0.01). Our results indicate that chronic severe traumatic head injury patients have changed brain glucose metabolism.Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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