• Vinzenz Boos, Christoph Bührer, and Felix Berger.
• Department of Congenital Heart Disease/Pediatric Cardiology, German Heart Center Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Department of Neonatology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Department of Neonatology, Hospital Zollikerberg, Zollikerberg, Switzerland. Electronic address: boos@dhzb.de.
• J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth. 2021 Oct 1; 35 (10): 2900-2906.

ObjectivesThe authors aimed to assess whether untreated preoperative anemia was associated with increased risk for adverse outcomes after the arterial switch operation in neonates with dextro-transposition of the great arteries (d-TGA).DesignRetrospective cohort study.SettingSingle cardiac surgery center.ParticipantsEighty-two newborns with d-TGA.InterventionsThe authors categorized the cohort into the following two groups: the infants with preoperative anemia group (defined as a hematocrit <0.40 L/L) and the control group.Measurements And Main ResultsPreoperative anemia was diagnosed in 21 (25.6%) infants. Anemic infants received intraoperative red blood cell transfusions significantly more often than controls (81.0% v 34.4%, p < 0.001). No differences were observed in the incidence of adverse events, duration of hospitalization (median 27 days v 26 days, p = 0.881), and mortality (0% v 4.9%, p = 0.566). Postnatal hematocrit was the only variable independently associated with preoperative anemia in multivariate logistic regression analysis (unit odds ratio, 0.832; 95% confidence interval, 0.743-0.931; p = 0.001).ConclusionsUntreated preoperative anemia was not associated with adverse outcomes in neonates undergoing reparative surgery for d-TGA.Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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