• Jeffrey L Cummings, Sharon Cohen, Christopher H van Dyck, Mark Brody, Craig Curtis, William Cho, Michael Ward, Michel Friesenhahn, Christina Rabe, Flavia Brunstein, Angelica Quartino, Lee A Honigberg, Reina N Fuji, David Clayton, Deborah Mortensen, Carole Ho, and Robert Paul.
• From the Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health (J.L.C.), Las Vegas, NV; Toronto Memory Program (S.C.), ON, Canada; Alzheimer's Disease Research Unit (C.H.v.D.), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Brain Matters Research Inc (M.B.), Delray Beach, FL; Compass Research, LLC (C.C.), Orlando, FL; Genentech (W.C., M.W., M.F., F.B., A.Q., L.A.H., R.N.F., D.C., D.M., C.H., R.P.), South San Francisco, CA; and Roche Diagnostics (C.R.), Penzberg, Germany. cumminj@ccf.org.
• Neurology. 2018 May 22; 90 (21): e1889-e1897.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the safety and efficacy of crenezumab in patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer disease (AD).MethodsIn this phase 2 trial, 431 patients with mild to moderate AD 50 to 80 years of age were randomized 2:1 (crenezumab:placebo). Patients received low-dose subcutaneous crenezumab 300 mg or placebo every 2 weeks (n = 184) or high-dose intravenous crenezumab 15 mg/kg or placebo every 4 weeks (n = 247) for 68 weeks. Primary outcome measures were change in Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive Subscale (ADAS-Cog12) and Clinical Dementia Rating-Sum of Boxes scores from baseline to week 73.ResultsThe primary and secondary endpoints were not met. In an exploratory post hoc analysis, a reduction in decline on the ADAS-Cog12 was observed in the high-dose group. Separation from the placebo group on the ADAS-Cog12 was greatest in the milder subsets of AD patients and reached statistical significance in the group with Mini-Mental State Examination scores of 22 to 26. In both groups, there was a significant increase in CSF β-amyloid1-42 levels that correlated with crenezumab CSF levels. The overall rate of adverse events was balanced between groups. One case of amyloid-related imaging abnormalities indicative of vasogenic edema or effusions was reported.ConclusionsAlthough prespecified criteria for testing treatment effects were not met, these data suggest a potential treatment effect in patients with mild AD treated with high-dose crenezumab. Together with the safety profile for crenezumab, these data support the exploration of crenezumab treatment at even higher doses in patients with early AD.Clinicaltrialsgov IdentifierNCT 01343966.Classification Of EvidenceThis study provides Class II evidence that, for people with AD, crenezumab does not significantly improve cognition or function at 18 months. The study is rated Class II because <80% of enrolled patients completed the study.© 2018 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of the American Academy of Neurology.

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