• Tugba Sismanlar, Ayse T Aslan, Koray Akkan, Emetullah Cindil, Baran Onal, and Beyza Ozcan.
• Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Gazi University Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. tsismanlar@yahoo.com.
• Clin Respir J. 2016 Nov 1; 10 (6): 693-697.

Background And AimsHemoptysis in children is a rare but potentially life-threatening symptom of an underlying respiratory tract abnormality. Hemoptysis, when massive and untreated, has a mortality rate of more than 50%. With interventional radiological procedures and surgery, this rate has dropped to 7%-18%. The experience with bronchial arterial embolization in childhood is very limited; only a few case reports with short-term follow-up have been reported.MethodsWe report herein two patients with massive hemoptysis due to abnormal systemic arterial bleeding of the lung; neither patient had any lung or systemic disease. In both cases, the bleeding was controlled with endovascular embolization. The first case had bronchopulmonary arterial anastomosis and represents the first reported case with this anomaly. The second case had recurrent massive hemoptysis due to bronchial artery bleeding, and repeat embolization was performed.ResultsBoth of these children had rare vascular anomalies without parenchymal lung disease and were treated successfully with bronchial arterial embolization.ConclusionMassive hemoptysis due to abnormal systemic bleeding of the lung in the absence of parenchymal disease is an uncommon and severe symptom in childhood. Embolization can be a treatment option in children with abnormal vasculature bleeding and can be repeated safely when needed.© 2015 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

21 keywords...

hide…