• Parivash Shekarchizadeh-Esfahani, Bahar Hassani, Neda Roshanravan, and Nasim Sorraya.
• Department of General Courses, School of Management and Medical Information Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
• Int. J. Clin. Pract. 2021 Oct 1; 75 (10): e14200.

BackgroundOur aim in this meta-analysis was to determine the effect of garlic supplementation on adiponectin and leptin serum levels.MethodA systematic search was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, ISI Web of Science and Cochrane Library for eligible trials up to November 2020. A fixed-effects model was used to pool calculated effect sizes.ResultsFive trials were included in the overall analysis. Our analysis showed that garlic supplementation did not significantly affect adiponectin (Hedges's: 0.20; 95% CI: -0.06, 0.47; P-values = .12) and leptin (Hedges's: 0.08; 95% CI: -0.26, 0.41; P-values = .65) concentrations in comparison with placebo. However, in the subgroup analysis, significantly increased serum adiponectin level was seen following garlic supplementation in trials with a mean age of participants ˂30 years (Hedges's: 0.44; 95% CI: 0.01, 0.87; P-values = .04), the doses ˂1.5 g/d (Hedges's: 0.38; 95% CI: 0.02, 0.71; P-values = .04) and trials with duration ≥8 weeks (Hedges's: 0.48; 95% CI: 0.08, 0.89; P-values = .02).ConclusionOverall, garlic supplementation could not change the circulatory adiponectin and leptin levels. Subgroup analyses showed a significant reduction in adiponectin levels in younger participants, longer duration and lower intervention dose. However, further studies are needed to confirm the present results.© 2021 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

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