• Andreas H Groll, Dorothea Pana, Fanny Lanternier, Alessio Mesini, Roland A Ammann, Dina Averbuch, Elio Castagnola, Simone Cesaro, Dan Engelhard, Carolina Garcia-Vidal, Jukka Kanerva, Nicole Ritz, Emmanuel Roilides, Jan Styczynski, Adilia Warris, Thomas Lehrnbecher, and 8th European Conference on Infections in Leukaemia.
• Infectious Disease Research Program, Center for Bone Marrow Transplantation, and Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Children's Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany. Electronic address: andreas.groll@ukmuenster.de.
• Lancet Oncol. 2021 Jun 1; 22 (6): e254-e269.

AbstractPaediatric patients with cancer and those undergoing allogeneic haematopoietic cell transplantation have an increased susceptibility to invasive fungal diseases. In addition to differences in underlying conditions and comorbidities relative to adults, invasive fungal diseases in infants, children, and adolescents are unique in terms of their epidemiology, the validity of current diagnostic methods, the pharmacology and dosing of antifungal agents, and the absence of phase 3 clinical trials to provide data to guide evidence-based interventions. To re-examine the state of knowledge and to further improve invasive fungal disease diagnosis, prevention, and management, the 8th European Conference on Infections in Leukaemia (ECIL-8) reconvened a Paediatric Group to review the literature and to formulate updated recommendations according to the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ESCMID) and European Confederation of Medical Mycology (ECMM) grading system, which are summarised in this Review.Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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