• Takuya Ogami, Eric Zimmermann, Roger C Zhu, Yanling Zhao, Yuming Ning, Paul Kurlansky, Jacob S Stevens, Dimitrios V Avgerinos, Virendra I Patel, and Hiroo Takayama.
• Department of Surgery, New York-Presbyterian/Queens, Flushing, NY.
• J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. 2023 Jan 1; 165 (1): 3139.e531-39.e5.

ObjectivesDialysis is a well-established risk factor for morbidity and mortality after cardiovascular procedures. However, little is known regarding the outcomes of proximal aortic surgery in this high-risk cohort.MethodsPerioperative (in-hospital or 30-day mortality) and 10-year outcomes were analyzed for all the patients who underwent open proximal aortic repair with the diagnosis of nonruptured thoracic aortic aneurysm (aneurysm, n = 325) or type A aortic dissection (dissection, n = 461) from 1987 to 2015 using the US Renal Data System database.ResultsIn patients with aneurysm, perioperative mortality was 12.6%. The 10-year mortality was 81% ± 3%. Age 65 years or more (hazard ratio [HR], 1.35; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.03 to 1.78; P = .03), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (HR, 1.68; 95% CI, 1.01-2.82; P = .047), and Black race (HR, 1.46; 95% CI, 1.09-1.97; P = .01) were independently associated with worse 10-year mortality. In patients with dissection, perioperative mortality was 24.3% and 10-year mortality was 87.9% ± 2.2%. Age 65 years or more (HR, 1.49; 95% CI, 1.19-1.86; P < .001), congestive heart failure (HR, 1.39; 95% CI, 1.11-2.57; P = .004), and diabetes mellitus as the cause of dialysis (HR, 1.75; 95% CI, 1.2-2.57; P = .004) were independently associated with worse 10-year mortality. Black race (HR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.6-0.92; P = .008) was associated with a better outcome.ConclusionsWe described challenging perioperative and 10-year outcomes for dialysis patients undergoing proximal aortic repair. The present study suggests the need for careful patient selection in the elective repair of proximal aortic aneurysm for dialysis-dependent patients, whereas it affirms the feasibility of emergency surgery for acute type A aortic dissections.Copyright © 2021 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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