• Pediatric emergency care · Feb 2022

    Fatal Outcome in Acutely Poisoned Children With Hospitalization: A 10-Year Retrospective Study From Tehran, Iran.

    • Narges Gholami, Rebecca McDonald, Fariba Farnaghi, Maryam Hosseini Yazdi, Nasim Zamani, and Hossein Hassanian-Moghaddam.
    • From the Department of Pediatrics, Loghman Hakim Hospital, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
    • Pediatr Emerg Care. 2022 Feb 1; 38 (2): e659e663e659-e663.

    BackgroundAcute poisoning is a significant and preventable cause of mortality among children internationally. The aims of this study were to assess the case fatality rate of children admitted to an inner-city hospital for acute poisoning and to compare the demographics and source of poisoning of fatal cases.MethodsThis was a retrospective review of patient data recorded in the Hospital Information System for Loghman Hakim Hospital, that is, the central referral hospital for poisoning in Tehran, Iran. We searched Hospital Information System for all admissions for poisoning in children (age, 0-12 years) over the 10-year period from March 2010 to March 2020, and all cases were included in the analysis. We determined the case fatality rate by dividing the number of fatal cases by the number of included cases.ResultsOf 8158 children admitted for poisoning, 28 cases (0.3%) died, among whom 19 (67.9%) were boys and 9 (32.1%) girls. The median age was 42 months, ranging from 2 to 144 months. Twenty-two cases (78.6%) were 0 to 5 years old. The most common cause of mortality in acute poisoning was methadone (n = 13, 46.4%), followed by raw opium (n = 5, 17.9%), aluminum phosphide, carbon monoxide, and wild mushrooms (n = 2 deaths each, 7.1%). Tramadol, colchicine, and petroleum accounted for 1 death each (3.6%).ConclusionsMortality from unintentional poisoning disproportionately affects children younger than 5 years. Opioids (ie, methadone, opium, tramadol) accounted for two thirds of deaths in our sample. Our findings highlight the importance of educating parents that any toxic materials (licit or illicit) must be stored out of reach for children.Copyright © 2021 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.

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