• Xiao Zhong, Dong-Li Wang, and Li-Hua Xiao.
• Department of Nosocomial Infection, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen Hospital.
• Medicine (Baltimore). 2021 Apr 16; 100 (15): e25440e25440.

BackgroundHospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) caused by Klebsiella pneumonia (KP) is a common nosocomial infection (NI). However, the reports on the economic burden of hospital-acquired pneumonia caused by Klebsiella pneumonia (KP-HAP) were scarce. The study aims to study the direct economic loss caused by KP-HAP with the method of propensity score matching (PSM) to provide a basis for the cost accounting of NI and provide references for the formulation of infection control measures.MethodsA retrospective investigation was conducted on the hospitalization information of all patients discharged from a tertiary group hospital in Shenzhen, Guangdong province, China, from June 2016 to August 2019. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, patients were divided into the HAP group and noninfection group, the extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) positive KP infection group, and the ESBLs-negative KP infection group. After the baselines of each group were balanced with the PSM, length of stay (LOS) and hospital cost of each group were compared.ResultsAfter the PSM, there were no differences in the baselines of each group. Compared with the noninfection group, the median LOS in the KP-HAP group increased by 15 days (2.14 times), and the median hospital costs increased by 7329 yuan (0.89 times). Compared with the ESBLs-negative KP-HAP group, the median LOS in the ESBLs-positive KP-HAP group increased by 7.5 days (0.39 times), and the median hospital costs increased by 22,424 yuan (1.90 times).ConclusionKP-HAP prolonged LOS and increased hospital costs, and HAP caused by ESBLs-positive KP had more economic losses than ESBLs-negative, which deserves our attention and should be controlled by practical measures.Copyright © 2021 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.

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