• Ning Wang, Yaozhong Zhang, Yu Hu, Qiyao Yang, and Zhenbo Su.
• Department of Anesthesiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
• Medicine (Baltimore). 2021 Apr 16; 100 (15): e25516e25516.

RationaleCis-atracurium as an intermediate-acting non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocker is widely used clinically with less causing cyclic fluctuations and less histamine release. As the use rate increases, allergic reactions and anaphylactoid reactions caused by cis-atracurium increase.Patient ConcernsA 23-year-old woman underwent laparoscopic bariatric surgery. Airway spasm occurred after anesthesia induction and the operation was suspended. After adjustment, the anesthesia was performed with the same anesthetic scheme again. After induction, skin flushing and airway resistance increased, then the symptoms were relieved. When the cis-atracurium was given again, the symptoms of airway spasm reappeared immediately, and after communicating with the family, the operation was successfully completed with rocuronium.DiagnosesSerious bronchospasm induced by cisatracurium besylate.InterventionsThe patient was undergone assisted ventilation with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) and aminophylline 250 mg, methylprednisolone 80 mg were given intravenously.OutcomesThere was no any obvious discomfort in the patient's self-report during the next day's visit. The patient was discharged 7 days later. No abnormalities were observed during following 4 weeks.LessonsAlthough the anaphylactoid reactions caused by cis-atracurium are rare, the bronchospasm and anaphylactic shock caused by it greatly increase the risk of anesthesia, which should be taken seriously by clinicians. Increased vigilance in diagnosis, and treatment are essential to prevent aggravation and further complication.Copyright © 2021 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.

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