• Noe B Mercado, Roland Zahn, Frank Wegmann, Carolin Loos, Abishek Chandrashekar, Jingyou Yu, Jinyan Liu, Lauren Peter, Katherine McMahan, Lisa H Tostanoski, Xuan He, David R Martinez, Lucy Rutten, Rinke Bos, Danielle van Manen, Jort Vellinga, Jerome Custers, Johannes P Langedijk, Ted Kwaks, Mark J G Bakkers, David Zuijdgeest, Sietske K Rosendahl Huber, Caroline Atyeo, Stephanie Fischinger, John S Burke, Jared Feldman, Blake M Hauser, Timothy M Caradonna, Esther A Bondzie, Gabriel Dagotto, Makda S Gebre, Emily Hoffman, Catherine Jacob-Dolan, Marinela Kirilova, Zhenfeng Li, Zijin Lin, Shant H Mahrokhian, Lori F Maxfield, Felix Nampanya, Ramya Nityanandam, Joseph P Nkolola, Shivani Patel, John D Ventura, Kaylee Verrington, Huahua Wan, Laurent Pessaint, Alex Van Ry, Kelvin Blade, Amanda Strasbaugh, Mehtap Cabus, Renita Brown, Anthony Cook, Serge Zouantchangadou, Elyse Teow, Hanne Andersen, Mark G Lewis, Yongfei Cai, Bing Chen, Aaron G Schmidt, R Keith Reeves, Ralph S Baric, Douglas A Lauffenburger, Galit Alter, Paul Stoffels, Mathai Mammen, Johan Van Hoof, Hanneke Schuitemaker, and Dan H Barouch.
• Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
• Nature. 2020 Oct 1; 586 (7830): 583-588.

AbstractA safe and effective vaccine for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) may be required to end the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic1-8. For global deployment and pandemic control, a vaccine that requires only a single immunization would be optimal. Here we show the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of a single dose of adenovirus serotype 26 (Ad26) vector-based vaccines expressing the SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein in non-human primates. Fifty-two rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) were immunized with Ad26 vectors that encoded S variants or sham control, and then challenged with SARS-CoV-2 by the intranasal and intratracheal routes9,10. The optimal Ad26 vaccine induced robust neutralizing antibody responses and provided complete or near-complete protection in bronchoalveolar lavage and nasal swabs after SARS-CoV-2 challenge. Titres of vaccine-elicited neutralizing antibodies correlated with protective efficacy, suggesting an immune correlate of protection. These data demonstrate robust single-shot vaccine protection against SARS-CoV-2 in non-human primates. The optimal Ad26 vector-based vaccine for SARS-CoV-2, termed Ad26.COV2.S, is currently being evaluated in clinical trials.

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