• Steven Schultz, Carol Chamberlain, Marius Vulcan, Humair Rana, Bhavin Patel, and John C Alexander.
• Parkland Health & Hospital System, Dallas, Texas.
• J Opioid Manag. 2016 May 1; 12 (2): 119-22.

BackgroundHydrocodone-containing products were recently rescheduled from Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA) schedule III to schedule II due to concerns of abuse and misuse. These changes went into effect on October 6, 2014.ObjectiveThis quality improvement project involved a retrospective analysis to determine the effect of the DEA schedule change on prescribing habits of hydrocodone-containing products as well as the remaining schedule III and IV opioids, codeine (schedule III) and tramadol (schedule IV).MethodsThe authors performed a medication use evaluation at our academic level 1 trauma hospital system on outpatient use of hydrocodone-containing products, tramadol, and codeine-containing products for 6 months before and 6 months after the change to schedule II using our electronic record and pharmacy system.ResultsA total of 88,428 prescription orders were analyzed. Comparison of prescriptions before and after the DEA schedule changes showed hydrocodone prescriptions reduced from an average of 225.97 per day to 1.20 per day. In addition, tramadol increased from 60.04 per day to 91.85 per day and codeine from 6.81 per day to 98.94 per day.ConclusionsOur data show a very substantial decrease in utilization of hydrocodone-containing products and concomitant increase in the utilization of tramadol and codeine products at our hospital after the DEA schedule change.

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