• World Neurosurg · Dec 2015

    Review Biography Historical Article

    Julius Caesar's epilepsy: Was it caused by a brain arteriovenous malformation?

    • Nicola Montemurro, Arnau Benet, and Michael T Lawton.
    • Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA.
    • World Neurosurg. 2015 Dec 1;84(6):1985-7.

    AbstractJulius Caesar (100-44 BC) was one of the most charismatic political figures in history. Best remembered for his military achievements, he was also a writer, historian, and statesman. Through his constitutional reforms, he played an important role in the events that led to the end of the Roman Republic and the birth of the Roman Empire. Historical sources reveal that Julius Caesar suffered from headaches, seizures, and personality changes. In this essay, we highlight the life of Julius Caesar, with emphasis on the potential origin of his sickness. Although a definitive diagnosis obviously cannot be made, as new published studies showed a possible cerebrovascular etiology, a new hypothetical diagnosis is presented.Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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