• Stéphane Kremer, François Lersy, Mathieu Anheim, Hamid Merdji, Maleka Schenck, Hélène Oesterlé, Federico Bolognini, Julien Messie, Antoine Khalil, Augustin Gaudemer, Sophie Carré, Manel Alleg, Claire Lecocq, Emmanuelle Schmitt, René Anxionnat, François Zhu, Lavinia Jager, Patrick Nesser, Yannick Talla Mba, Ghazi Hmeydia, Joseph Benzakoun, Catherine Oppenheim, Jean-Christophe Ferré, Adel Maamar, Béatrice Carsin-Nicol, Pierre-Olivier Comby, Frédéric Ricolfi, Pierre Thouant, Claire Boutet, Xavier Fabre, Géraud Forestier, Isaure de Beaurepaire, Grégoire Bornet, Hubert Desal, Grégoire Boulouis, Jérome Berge, Apolline Kazémi, Nadya Pyatigorskaya, Augustin Lecler, Suzana Saleme, Myriam Edjlali-Goujon, Basile Kerleroux, Jean-Marc Constans, Pierre-Emmanuel Zorn, Muriel Mathieu, Seyyid Baloglu, François-Daniel Ardellier, Thibault Willaume, Jean-Christophe Brisset, Sophie Caillard, Olivier Collange, Paul Michel Mertes, Francis Schneider, Samira Fafi-Kremer, Mickael Ohana, Ferhat Meziani, Nicolas Meyer, Julie Helms, and François Cotton.
• From the Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (S.K., F.L., S.B., F.-D.A., T.W.), Service d'imagerie 2, Hôpital de Hautepierre; Engineering Science, Computer Science and Imaging Laboratory (S.K., N.M.), UMR 7357, University of Strasbourg-CNRS; Service de Neurologie (M. Anheim), Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg; Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (M. Anheim), INSERM-U964/CNRS-UMR7104/Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch; Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (M. Anheim), Université de Strasbourg; Hôpitaux universitaires de Strasbourg (H.M., F.M., J.H.), Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Nouvel Hôpital Civil; INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research) (H.M., F.M.), UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg; Médecine Intensive-Réanimation (M.S., F.S.), Hôpital de Hautepierre, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg; Service de Neuroradiologie (H.O., F.B., J.M.), Hôpitaux Civils de Colmar; Service d'Imagerie (A. Khalil, A.G.), Unité de Neuroradiologie, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Bichat Claude Bernard; Université Paris Diderot (A. Khalil), Paris; Service de Neurologie (S. Carré, C.L.), Centre Hospitalier de Haguenau; Service de Radiologie (M. Alleg), Centre Hospitalier de Haguenau; Service de Neuroradiologie, (E.S., R.A., F.Z.) Hôpital Central, CHU de Nancy; CHIC Unisanté (L.J., P.N., Y.T.M.), Hôpital Marie Madeleine, Forbach; Neuroimaging Department (G.H., J. Benzakoun, C.O., G. Boulouis, M.E.-G., B.K.), GHU Paris Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, Hôpital Sainte-Anne, Université de Paris, INSERM U1266, F-75014; CHU Rennes (J.-C.F., B.C.-N.), Department of Neuroradiology; CHU Rennes (A.M.), Medical Intensive Care Unit; Department of Neuroradiology (P.-O.C., F.R., P.T.), University Hospital of Dijon, Hôpital François Mitterrand; Service de Radiologie (C.B.), CHU de Saint-Etienne; Service de Réanimation (X.F.), CH de Roanne; Service de Neuroradiologie (G.F., S.S.), CHU de Limoges; Radiology Department (I.d.B., G. Bornet), Hôpital Privé d'Antony; Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (H.D.), University Hospital, Nantes; Neuroradiology Department (J. Berge), CHU de Bordeaux; Service de Neuroradiologie (A. Kazémi), CHU de Lille; Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (N.P.), Service de Neuroradiologie, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière; Sorbonne Université (N.P.), Univ Paris 06, UMR S 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, ICM, F-75013; Service de Neuroradiologie Diagnostique (A.L.), Foundation A. Rothschild Hospital, Paris; EA CHIMERE 7516 (J.-M.C.), Université de Picardie Jules Verne; Service de NeuroRadiologie, pôle Imagerie Médicale, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire d'Amiens; Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (P.-E.Z., M.M.), UCIEC, Pôle d'Imagerie, Strasbourg; Observatoire Français de la Sclérose en Plaques (J.-C.B.), Lyon; Nephrology and Transplantation Department (S. Caillard), Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg; Inserm UMR S1109 (S. Caillard), LabEx Transplantex, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg; Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (O.C., P.M.M.), Service d'Anesthésie-Réanimation, Nouvel Hôpital Civil; Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (S.F.-K.), Laboratoire de Virologie Médicale; Radiology Department (M.O.), Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Strasbourg University Hospital; CHU de Strasbourg (N.M.), Service de Santé Publique, GMRC, F-67091 Strasbourg; Immuno-Rhumatologie Moléculaire (S.F.-K., J.H.), INSERM UMR_S1109, LabEx TRANSPLANTEX, Centre de Recherche d'Immunologie et d'Hématologie, Faculté de Médecine, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire OMICARE, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg; MRI Center (F.C.), Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Hospices Civils de Lyon; and Université Lyon 1 (F.C.), CREATIS-LRMN, CNRS/UMR/5220-INSERM U630, Villeurbanne, France. stephane.kremer@chru-strasbourg.fr.
• Neurology. 2020 Sep 29; 95 (13): e1868-e1882.

ObjectiveTo describe neuroimaging findings and to report the epidemiologic and clinical characteristics of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) with neurologic manifestations.MethodsIn this retrospective multicenter study (11 hospitals), we included 64 patients with confirmed COVID-19 with neurologic manifestations who underwent a brain MRI.ResultsThe cohort included 43 men (67%) and 21 women (33%); their median age was 66 (range 20-92) years. Thirty-six (56%) brain MRIs were considered abnormal, possibly related to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus. Ischemic strokes (27%), leptomeningeal enhancement (17%), and encephalitis (13%) were the most frequent neuroimaging findings. Confusion (53%) was the most common neurologic manifestation, followed by impaired consciousness (39%), presence of clinical signs of corticospinal tract involvement (31%), agitation (31%), and headache (16%). The profile of patients experiencing ischemic stroke was different from that of other patients with abnormal brain imaging: the former less frequently had acute respiratory distress syndrome (p = 0.006) and more frequently had corticospinal tract signs (p = 0.02). Patients with encephalitis were younger (p = 0.007), whereas agitation was more frequent for patients with leptomeningeal enhancement (p = 0.009).ConclusionsPatients with COVID-19 may develop a wide range of neurologic symptoms, which can be associated with severe and fatal complications such as ischemic stroke or encephalitis. In terms of meningoencephalitis involvement, even if a direct effect of the virus cannot be excluded, the pathophysiology seems to involve an immune or inflammatory process given the presence of signs of inflammation in both CSF and neuroimaging but the lack of virus in CSF.Clinicaltrialsgov IdentifierNCT04368390.© 2020 American Academy of Neurology.

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