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- Abhi Jain, Ajay Malhotra, and Seyedmehdi Payabvash.
- Department of Radiology, Einstein Healthcare Network, 5501 Old York Road, Philadelphia, PA 19141, USA.
- Neuroimaging Clin. N. Am. 2021 May 1; 31 (2): 193203193-203.
AbstractPrimary or nontraumatic spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) comprises approximately 15% to 20% of all stroke. ICH has a mortality of approximately 40% within the first month, and 75% mortality and morbidity rate within the first year. Despite reduction in overall stroke incidence, hemorrhagic stroke incidence has remained steady since 1980. Neuroimaging is critical in detection of ICH, determining the underlying cause, identification of patients at risk of hematoma expansion, and directing the treatment strategy. This article discusses the neuroimaging methods of ICH, imaging markers for clinical outcome prediction, and future research directions with attention to the latest evidence-based guidelines.Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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