• Marie N O'Connor, David O'Sullivan, Paul F Gallagher, Joseph Eustace, Stephen Byrne, and Denis O'Mahony.
• Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
• J Am Geriatr Soc. 2016 Aug 1; 64 (8): 1558-66.

ObjectivesTo determine whether use of the Screening Tool of Older Persons' Prescriptions (STOPP) and Screening Tool to Alert to Right Treatment (START) criteria reduces incident hospital-acquired adverse drug reactions (ADRs), 28-day medication costs, and median length of hospital stay in older adults admitted with acute illness.DesignSingle-blind cluster randomized controlled trial (RCT) of unselected older adults hospitalized over a 13-month period.SettingTertiary referral hospital in southern Ireland.ParticipantsConsecutively admitted individuals aged 65 and older (N = 732).InterventionSingle time point presentation to attending physicians of potentially inappropriate medications according to the STOPP/START criteria.MeasurementsThe primary outcome was the proportion of participants experiencing one or more ADRs during the index hospitalization. Secondary outcomes were median length of stay (LOS) and 28-day total medication cost.ResultsOne or more ADRs occurred in 78 of the 372 control participants (21.0%; median age 78, interquartile range (IQR) 72-84) and in 42 of the 360 intervention participants (11.7%; median age 80, IQR 73-85) (absolute risk reduction = 9.3%, number needed to treat = 11). The median LOS in the hospital was 8 days (IQR 4-14 days) in both groups. At discharge, median medication cost was significantly lower in the intervention group (€73.16, IQR €38.68-121.72) than in the control group (€90.62, IQR €49.38-162.53) (Wilcoxon rank test Z statistic = -3.274, P < .001).ConclusionApplication of STOPP/START criteria resulted in significant reductions in ADR incidence and medication costs in acutely ill older adults but did not affect median LOS.© 2016, Copyright the Authors Journal compilation © 2016, The American Geriatrics Society.

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