• Mina Alavi, Jalil Tavakkol-Afshari, Zhaleh Shariati-Sarabi, Arezoo Gowhari Shabgah, Mohsen Ghoryani, Ali Ghasemi, and Mojgan Mohammadi.
• Immunology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
• J Res Med Sci. 2020 Jan 1; 25: 111.

BackgroundRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the most prevalent autoimmune disease, in which CCL2 and CCL5 are critically involved. The objective was to evaluate the therapeutic effects of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on the foregoing chemokines in RA patients.Materials And MethodsThirteen RA patients were evaluated in terms of clinical manifestations, paraclinical factors, gene expression, and plasma levels of CCL2 and CCL5 prior to treatment and 1 and 6 months after intervention. Real-time-polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were employed to assess the gene expression and plasma levels of CCL2 and CCL5 at different time points after MSC therapy. Statistical analysis was performed by SPSS 16 and Prism 7.ResultsThe CCL2 gene expression had statistically significantly increased (P = 0.034), and its plasma level had insignificantly reduced after 1 month. Furthermore, the gene expression and plasma level of CCL5 had statistically significantly decreased (P = 0.032, P < 0.001). The CCL5 gene expression had statistically significantly increased after 6 months (P = 0.001) and its plasma level had insignificantly reduced.ConclusionThe most significant inhibitory effects of MSC therapy on the gene expression and plasma level of CCL5 were observed at the end of 1 month. The differences between the gene expression and protein levels during the treatment might be related to microRNA effects or the insufficient number of MSC injection.Copyright: © 2020 Journal of Research in Medical Sciences.

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