• Bone · Dec 2015

    Skin wound trauma, following high-dose radiation exposure, amplifies and prolongs skeletal tissue loss.

    • Joshua M Swift, Sibyl N Swift, Joan T Smith, Juliann G Kiang, and Matthew R Allen.
    • Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Bethesda, MD 20889-5603, USA; Department of Military and Emergency Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, 20814 USA; Department of Radiation Biology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, 20814 USA. Electronic address: joshua.m.swift.mil@mail.mil.
    • Bone. 2015 Dec 1; 81: 487-494.

    AbstractThe present study investigated the detrimental effects of non-lethal, high-dose (whole body) γ-irradiation on bone, and the impact that radiation combined with skin trauma (i.e. combined injury) has on long-term skeletal tissue health. Recovery of bone after an acute dose of radiation (RI; 8 Gy), skin wounding (15-20% of total body skin surface), or combined injury (RI+Wound; CI) was determined 3, 7, 30, and 120 days post-irradiation in female B6D2F1 mice and compared to non-irradiated mice (SHAM) at each time-point. CI mice demonstrated long-term (day 120) elevations in serum TRAP 5b (osteoclast number) and sclerostin (bone formation inhibitor), and suppression of osteocalcin levels through 30 days as compared to SHAM (p<0.05). Radiation-induced reductions in distal femur trabecular bone volume fraction and trabecular number through 120 days post-exposure were significantly greater than non-irradiated mice (p<0.05) and were exacerbated in CI mice by day 30 (p<0.05). Negative alterations in trabecular bone microarchitecture were coupled with extended reductions in cancellous bone formation rate in both RI and CI mice as compared to Sham (p<0.05). Increased osteoclast surface in CI animals was observed for 3 days after irradiation and remained elevated through 120 days (p<0.01). These results demonstrate a long-term, exacerbated response of bone to radiation when coupled with non-lethal wound trauma. Changes in cancellous bone after combined trauma were derived from extended reductions in osteoblast-driven bone formation and increases in osteoclast activity.Published by Elsevier Inc.

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