• Vaccine · Sep 2020

    BCG vaccine may generate cross-reactive T cells against SARS-CoV-2: In silico analyses and a hypothesis.

    • Yusuke Tomita, Ryo Sato, Tokunori Ikeda, and Takuro Sakagami.
    • Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan. Electronic address: y-tomita@kumadai.jp.
    • Vaccine. 2020 Sep 22; 38 (41): 6352-6356.

    AbstractThe world is facing the rising emergency of SARS-CoV-2. The outbreak of COVID-19 has caused a global public health and economic crisis.Recent epidemiological studies have shown that a possible association of BCG vaccination program with decreased COVID-19-related risks, suggesting that BCG may provide protection against COVID-19. Non-specific protection against viral infections is considered as a main mechanism of BCG and clinical trials to determine whether BCG vaccine can protect healthcare workers from the COVID-19 are currently underway. We hypothesized that BCG may carry similar T cell epitopes with SARS-CoV-2 and evaluated the hypothesis by utilizing publicly available database and computer algorithms predicting human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I-binding peptides. We foundthatBCG contains similar 9-amino acid sequences with SARS-CoV-2. These closely-related peptides had moderate to high binding affinity for multiple common HLA class I molecules, suggesting that cross-reactive T cells against SARS-CoV-2 could be generated by BCG vaccination.Copyright © 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.

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