• Ai-Chen Ho, Ugochukwu Egolum, Shanea Parker, Jordan Dimmel, Andrew Hawkins, and Hua Ling.
• Department of Pharmacotherapy and Outcomes Science, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.
• Clin Drug Investig. 2020 Sep 1; 40 (9): 799-808.

Background And ObjectivesDual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) reduces the incidence of thrombotic events but increases the risk of bleeding, which is associated with a substantial and durable risk of death and could offset the benefits of a reduction in thrombotic events. P2Y12 inhibitor monotherapy after short-term DAPT could be an option to reduce the risk of bleeding. We carried out a meta-analysis comparing P2Y12 inhibitor monotherapy after short-term DAPT with standard-term DAPT in patients undergoing PCI.MethodsWe searched the PubMed and EMBASE databases through 11 April 2020. Two authors independently reviewed and selected eligible trials. The DerSimonian-Laird method with the binary random-effects model was used to calculate the relative risk (RR) with 95% confidence interval (CI).ResultsFive trials involving 23,762 patients were included in the final analyses; four were open-label trials, while the TWILIGHT trial was double-blinded. Ticagrelor was used in three trials, and the other two trials included several P2Y12 inhibitors. P2Y12 inhibitor monotherapy after short-term DAPT significantly reduced the bleeding events, defined as Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) type 3 or 5 bleeding and Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) major or minor bleeding, by 39% (RR 0.61, 95% CI 0.38-0.99; p = 0.045) and 46% (RR 0.56, 95% CI 0.42-0.73; p < 0.001), respectively. A significant reduction in cardiovascular death was associated with P2Y12 inhibitor monotherapy after short-term DAPT (RR 0.75, 95% CI 0.58-0.98; p = 0.037; I2 = 0). No significant difference in all-cause mortality, myocardial infarction, stroke, or definite or probable stent thrombosis was observed.ConclusionsThis meta-analysis showed a significantly lowered risk of major bleeding and similar benefits of P2Y12 inhibitor monotherapy after short-term DAPT compared with standard-term DAPT in patients undergoing PCI.

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