• B Stubbs, A Koyanagi, F B Schuch, J Firth, S Rosenbaum, N Veronese, M Solmi, J Mugisha, and D Vancampfort.
• Physiotherapy Department, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom.
• Acta Psychiatr Scand. 2016 Dec 1; 134 (6): 546-556.

ObjectivePhysical activity (PA) is good for health, yet several small-scale studies have suggested that depression is associated with low PA. A paucity of nationally representative studies investigating this relationship exists, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). This study explored the global association of PA with depression and its mediating factors.MethodParticipants from 36 LMICs from the World Health Survey were included. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were undertaken exploring the relationship between PA and depression.ResultsAcross 178 867 people (mean ± SD age = 36.2 ± 13.5 years; 49.9% male), the prevalence of depression and the prevalence of low PA were 6.6% and 16.8% respectively. The prevalence of low PA was significantly higher among those with depression vs. no depression (26.0% vs. 15.8%, P < 0.0001). In the adjusted model, depression was associated with higher odds for low PA (OR = 1.42; 95% CI = 1.24-1.63). Mediation analyses demonstrated that low PA among people with depression was explained by mobility limitations (40.3%), pain and discomfort (35.8%), disruptions in sleep and energy (25.2%), cognition (19.4%) and vision (10.9%).ConclusionIndividuals with depression engage in lower levels of PA in LMICs. Future longitudinal research is warranted to better understand the relationships observed.© 2016 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

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