• Sumita Gupta, Faizan Ahmed, Rakesh Lodha, Y K Gupta, and Sushil K Kabra.
• Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
• J. Trop. Pediatr. 2012 Oct 1; 58 (5): 375-81.

BackgroundBeneficial effects of hypertonic saline on lung function in cystic fibrosis patients are well documented. However, the effects of various concentrations of hypertonic saline are not well studied. We, therefore, compared the effects of 3 and 7% hypertonic saline administered by nebulization on lung function in children with cystic fibrosis.MethodIn a double-blind randomized controlled trial, 31 children with cystic fibrosis were randomized to receive either 3% saline or 7% saline nebulization twice daily for 28 days. Spirometry was performed and functional status was measured on Day 14 and 28.ResultsOf 31 children enrolled in the study, 30 completed the 28 days follow up (15 in each group). Percentage change in Forced Expiratory Volume during first second (FEV(1)) from baseline to Day 14 and on Day 28 was significantly higher in the group receiving 3% saline as compared with those receiving 7% saline inhalation. There was some decrease in FEV(1) (percentage predicted) immediately after 7% saline inhalation unlike 3% saline. The functional status remained comparable between the two groups.ConclusionThe results suggest that 3% hypertonic saline nebulization was better than 7% saline inhalation. There is a need for studies with larger sample size and longer duration to confirm our results.

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