• Nature immunology · Oct 2020

    ORF8 and ORF3b antibodies are accurate serological markers of early and late SARS-CoV-2 infection.

    • Asmaa Hachim, Niloufar Kavian, Carolyn A Cohen, Alex W H Chin, Chu Daniel K W DKW Division of Public Health Laboratory Sciences, School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, Ch, Mok Chris K P CKP HKU-Pasteur Research Pole, School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China., Tsang Owen T Y OTY Infectious Diseases Centre, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hospital Authority of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China., Yiu Cheong Yeung, Ranawaka A P M Perera, Poon Leo L M LLM HKU-Pasteur Research Pole, School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China. , Peiris J S Malik JSM HKU-Pasteur Research Pole, School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China. , and Sophie A Valkenburg.
    • HKU-Pasteur Research Pole, School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
    • Nat. Immunol. 2020 Oct 1; 21 (10): 1293-1301.

    AbstractThe SARS-CoV-2 virus emerged in December 2019 and has caused a worldwide pandemic due to the lack of any pre-existing immunity. Accurate serology testing is urgently needed to help diagnose infection, determine past exposure of populations and assess the response to a future vaccine. The landscape of antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 is unknown. In this study, we utilized the luciferase immunoprecipitation system to assess the antibody responses to 15 different SARS-CoV-2 antigens in patients with COVID-19. We identified new targets of the immune response to SARS-CoV-2 and show that nucleocapsid, open reading frame (ORF)8 and ORF3b elicit the strongest specific antibody responses. ORF8 and ORF3b antibodies, taken together as a cluster of points, identified 96.5% of COVID-19 samples at early and late time points of disease with 99.5% specificity. Our findings could be used to develop second-generation diagnostic tests to improve serological assays for COVID-19 and are important in understanding pathogenicity.

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