• Pekka Ahlholm, Reijo Lappalainen, Joonatan Lappalainen, Pirkko-Liisa Tarvonen, and Kirsi Sipilä.
• Int J Prosthodont. 2019 Sep 1; 32 (5): 402-410.

PurposeTo evaluate the challenges of the direct filling technique, the use of dental chairside CAD/CAM milling, the use of 3D printing, and the attitudes toward 3D printing-based applications for restorative treatments among Finnish dentists.Materials And MethodsAn electronic questionnaire was sent to 3,777 Finnish dentists. Background information, challenges linked to the direct filling technique, use of dental chairside CAD/CAM milling, use of 3D printing, and attitudes toward 3D printing-based applications in restorative dentistry were asked in the questionnaire with multiple-choice questions. The number of replies was 760, and the response rate was 20.1%.ResultsPoor survival rates and moisture sensitivity were the main reported challenges associated with the direct filling technique. Use of chairside CAD/CAM milling was reported by 271 (35.7%) respondents. Use of 3D printing technique was reported by 54 (7.1%) respondents. Most respondents answered that they would consider using 3D printing for manufacturing tooth fillings in the future.ConclusionIf dental chairside CAD/CAM technology can provide a solution for manufacturing long-lasting indirect restorations with good esthetic properties and an effective cost-benefit ratio, the wider use of chairside CAD/CAM systems might be indicated, especially in the public sector. New 3D printing-based applications used for restorative treatments are attracting interest among Finnish dentists, but also indicate a need for further development of 3D printing techniques for cost-effective restorative treatment.

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