• Morey W Haymond, Maria J Redondo, Siripoom McKay, Martin J Cummins, Brett Newswanger, John Kinzell, and Steven Prestrelski.
• Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX mhaymond@bcm.edu.
• Diabetes Care. 2016 Mar 1; 39 (3): 465-8.

ObjectiveTo evaluate mini-dose glucagon in adults with type 1 diabetes using a stable, liquid, ready-to-use preparation.Research Design And MethodsTwelve adults with type 1 diabetes receiving treatment with insulin pumps received subcutaneous doses of 75, 150, and 300 μg of nonaqueous glucagon. Plasma glucose, glucagon, and insulin concentrations were measured. At 180 min, subjects received insulin followed in ~60 min by a second identical dose of glucagon.ResultsMean (±SE) fasting glucose concentrations (mg/dL) were 110 ± 7, 110 ± 10, and 109 ± 9 for the 75-, 150-, and 300-μg doses, respectively, increasing maximally at 60 min by 33, 64, and 95 mg/dL (all P < 0.001). The post-insulin administration glucose concentrations were 70 ± 2, 74 ± 5, and 70 ± 2 mg/dL, respectively, with maximal increases of 19, 24, and 43 mg/dL post-glucagon administration (P < 0.02) at 45-60 min.ConclusionsSubcutaneous, nonaqueous, ready-to-use G-Pen Mini glucagon may provide an alternative to oral carbohydrates for the management of anticipated, impending, or mild hypoglycemia in adults with type 1 diabetes.© 2016 by the American Diabetes Association. Readers may use this article as long as the work is properly cited, the use is educational and not for profit, and the work is not altered.

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